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News information
New Trends and Development of Building Energy Efficiency and HVAC Systems
2021/11/09
Energy Shortage and Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Trends
Coal, as an important raw material for power generation, is facing increasingly strict environmental protection requirements under the "13th Five Year Plan" energy dual control policy. In order to reduce the energy consumption per unit of GDP, especially the use of unclean energy such as coal, multiple provinces have taken restrictive measures, resulting in a severe power supply situation. Zhejiang, Hunan, Jiangxi and other places have even issued power restriction orders.
With the increasingly prominent issue of energy shortage and the rapid changes in the Earth's environment, energy conservation and environmental protection have gradually become the focus of public attention. In the context of the new era, the concept of energy conservation and environmental protection has begun to penetrate into various industries and gradually become the core competitiveness of the industry. Especially in the field of HVAC, energy conservation and environmental protection have become an inevitable trend in the industry's development.
In 2018, the total energy consumption of buildings in China reached 2.147 billion tons of standard coal (tce), accounting for 46.5% of the country's total energy consumption. This total energy consumption covers the energy consumption of the construction industry and its infrastructure in various aspects such as the production and construction of main building materials, as well as the operation of existing buildings (including heating and air conditioning energy consumption). Specifically, the energy consumption during the production phase of building materials reached 1.1 billion tce, accounting for 22.6% of the total national energy consumption; The energy consumption during the construction phase is 47 million tce, accounting for 2.2%; The energy consumption during the operation phase of the building is as high as 1 billion tce, accounting for 21.7%.
In 2018, the total carbon emissions from the entire construction process in China reached 4.93 billion tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2), accounting for 51.3% of the country's total carbon emissions. Looking at each stage, the carbon emissions during the production of building materials reached 2.72 billion tons of CO2, accounting for 28.3% of the country's carbon emissions; The carbon emissions during the construction phase are 100 million tons of CO2, accounting for 1%; The carbon emissions during the operation phase of the building are as high as 2.11 billion tons of CO2, accounting for 21.9%. Detailed data on building energy consumption and carbon emissions, displaying the industry's energy conservation and emission reduction needs.
Nowadays, only about 10% of the total buildings in the same period can meet the national standard for new construction (energy efficiency of 50%).
Although China's building energy intensity is currently lower than that of OECD countries, it must explore a unique development path in order to meet the future goals of building energy efficiency and low-carbon development. With the booming development of the residential industry, building energy efficiency has become a focus of attention for various departments of the country. As a major energy consumer in office buildings and residential areas, the development of HVAC systems has attracted much attention.
HVAC system and its development
The HVAC system, which is an integrated system of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, has a significant impact on the overall energy consumption of buildings. This system integrates the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and fluid mechanics, and is a key branch in the field of mechanical engineering. It not only includes heating technology, which provides heat to buildings to maintain indoor temperature, but also ventilation technology, which achieves air circulation and exchange through natural or mechanical means. In addition, air conditioning technology, abbreviated as air conditioning, aims to meet production and living needs by manually adjusting the air quality in rooms or enclosed spaces.
With the improvement of quality of life, new energy-saving, comfortable, and healthy air conditioning operating modes are gradually gaining popularity. The comfort level of HVAC systems is influenced by multiple factors such as wind speed, humidity, air temperature, average ambient radiation temperature, and people's subjective perception of the environment. Therefore, when choosing the appropriate combination of environmental parameters, different thermal comfort effects will be produced. Innovative operating modes enhance comfort and energy efficiency.
The difference in hot and humid environments has a significant impact on air conditioning energy consumption. In winter, if traditional air conditioning methods are used to increase indoor temperature, it will increase the heat loss of heating fresh air and building maintenance structures due to high air humidity. However, by applying innovative hot and humid environment technologies, optimizing air conditioning operation modes, and increasing radiation heat, the air humidity can be significantly reduced to a suitable range of 12 ℃ to 24 ℃, making it more energy-efficient than the traditional 18 ℃ to 20 ℃ operation mode.
Similarly, when using air conditioning in summer, the new air conditioning operating mode is more suitable. This air conditioning method that balances comfort and energy efficiency not only meets the needs of high-quality living, but also helps achieve energy-saving and emission reduction goals, which is in line with the concept of low-carbon economic development.
For today's HVAC technicians, true effective value testing tools are crucial. This is because the widespread use of new solid-state variable speed motor drives and heating controls containing power semiconductors or rectifiers has led to many loads being classified as "nonlinear". These nonlinear loads absorb current in the form of short pulses, unlike the smooth sine wave current absorption of linear loads such as induction motors. Due to the significant impact of differences in current waveforms on the readings of testing tools, true effective value testing tools have become indispensable tools for diagnosing electrical faults.
Fluke116C true effective value instrument, designed specifically for the HVAC/HVAC/refrigeration field, integrates temperature and microampere level current measurement functions. This compact instrument is a reliable assistant for HVAC professionals, capable of quickly diagnosing faults in HVAC HVAC/refrigeration equipment and flame detectors. Its low impedance input (LoZ) characteristic effectively prevents reading errors caused by stray voltages. By introducing the functional features of true effective value instruments, it provides strong support for the HVAC industry.
The importance of air flow monitoring lies in the significant impact of air flow in HVAC on operating costs. Dirty coils, fans, and filters can reduce air supply flow, increase static pressure, and make it difficult for HVAC equipment to meet building loads, thereby increasing energy costs. Due to the fact that HVAC energy costs often account for over 50% of total energy costs, stricter monitoring and control of HVAC air flow is particularly important. Optimize air flow to reduce energy consumption.
